14.9.18

Avaliação que foi feita à minha candidatura ao Concurso «Stimulus of Scientific Employment – Individual Support 2017»

ana vidigal, O Desejoso, 2017


Dado que vou concorrer de novo com exactamente o mesmo projecto de investigação num próximo concurso, só coloco aqui alguns aspectos que provam que o painel de avaliação ou não leu a minha candidatura até ao fim, ou de forma arbitrária, pura e simplesmente pré-decidiu que ela seria recusada, recorrendo a critérios novos que são sempre passíveis de ser usados.
Aconselho todos os que concorram, a partir de agora, não a ler o só o sempre indispensável livro de Humberto Eco, «Como se faz uma tese de licenciatura», mas que recorram a manuais (ou gestores) que ensinem como devem ser preenchidas as candidaturas de projectos de investigação e como se deve escapar a novos critérios que entretanto surjam.
Numa das vezes que concorri - concurso «Investigator» -, fui recusada por não ter “suficiente” produção em revistas científicas estrangeiras. O facto de eu ter uma produção em livros não contou para nada. Desta vez, era impossível recorrer a esse argumento. Mas, deixo agora ao juízo público a avaliação qualitativa que me foi feita, esperando que de futuro todo o processo seja corrigido, não deixando espaço à arbitrariedade. Apenas introduzi uma pontuação (não existente no original), para facilitar o esclarecimento
Avaliação da candidatura submetida, pelo painel da FCT
1)    «The candidate has a proven track record of producing high quality scientific outputs arising from funded projects.
2)    The panel agreed that she is an established scholar in her field of research and possesses an outstanding publication record. 
3)    The proposed project is undoubtedly relevant (covering topics such as the relationship between dictatorship and democracy, colonialism and decolonisation), has the potential to shed further light on several less studied aspects of the Portuguese secret police, and represents the natural corollary of the candidate’s successful career as a leading expert on this particular field of historical inquiry.
4)    The candidate was expected, however, to have provided more detailed information, including references, in the state-of-the-art section.
5)    She also failed to mention which countries and repositories will be studied in her project.
6)     For such important and wide issues more clarification about sources and details about archives and collections is necessary; the reference to oral sources is not enough.
7)    Finally, the candidate did not provide a specific timetable for the completion of her research, publications and dissemination activities, and failed to specify (and quantify) the type of outputs»
Chamo a atenção desde já para alguns aspectos:
1)    O currículo foi elogiado, além de que revela que os resultados de projectos anteriores da minha autoria financiados pela FCT são de alta qualidade científica.
2)    O painel considerou que sou uma académica com um percurso estabelecido e possuo uma lista de publicações «outstanding» (parece-me um elogio).
3)    Quanto ao projecto de investigação proposto, não poderia ser mais elogiado, segundo penso. O que me espanta é que se diga – coloco no original - que o meu projecto «represents the natural corollary of the candidate’s successful career as a leading expert on this particular field of historical inquiry» e se recuse pura e simplesmente que eu prossiga na minha carreira, devido aos pontos 4) 5), 6) e 7).
O que motivou a recusa da minha candidatura
4)    The candidate was expected, however, to have provided more detailed information, including references, in the state-of-the-art section.
Esperavam que eu desse mais esclarecimentos quanto ao estado da arte e às referências. Aqui, reproduzi o que escrevi na candidatura (que não pode exceder um determinado número de caracteres) e que me parece que ou houve engano e confusão, ou o painel não leu. Quanto às referências, coloquei um certo número delas no ponto onde eram solicitadas. Certamente não esperavam uma lista infindável de 50 páginas (é o único ponto que não tem limite), mas fá-lo-ei numa próxima candidatura
B.1.1. Background (terceiro parágrafo)
«At the time, my research work on PIDE/DGS was innovative, as was innovative the approach to its international relationship with other police and secret agencies, even of democratic countries.
On the other hand, due to the fact that one of my objects of study was Portugal’s neutrality, during World War II, I specifically studied the role of foreign spies in Portuguese territory, namely those of British and German allegiances. I also dealt with the actions of the political police of Francisco Franco's Spanish regime, of the French espionage and counter-espionage (both Vichy and Gaullist), of the Polish and other Nazi-occupied countries, as well as of the Office of Strategic Service (OSS). Created in 1942, following the US entry into the world war, this secret service would give rise to the post-war Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
On this subject there were other studies, mainly journalistic, but I think that my work was innovative in what was related with the police and paramilitary institutions of then, the State Surveillance and Defense Police (PVDE) and the Portuguese Legion (LP ). The work undertaken so far by other authors and myself has had an impact in various disciplinary and professional fields, not only in relation to the police, in its political specificity in a dictatorial regime, but also in the diplomatic and extra-diplomatic secret relations between Portugal and others countries.
All these studies, which deal with the recent past of Portugal, are also important for their contribution to the analysis of the subject of the transition from a dictatorial to a democratic regime, as well as the construction and functioning of a Democracy as it deals with questions such as information and security.»

«B.1.6. References
Andrew, Christopher (with Vasili Mitrokhin)., The Mitrokhin Archive. Vol. I: The KGB in Europe and the West , Penguin, 1999; Vol. II: The KGB and the World, Penguin, 2005
---, The Defense of the Realm. The Authorised History of MI5, Allen Lane, 2009
Araújo, Rui, O Diário Secreto que Salazar não leu, Lisboa, 2008
---, O Império dos Espiões. A Espionagem em Portugal e nas Colónias, Lisboa, 2010
Barreiros, José António, A Lusitânia dos Espiões, 1995.
Beevor, Jack, SOE Reflections, 1982.
Breitman, Richard; Secrets Officiels; Ce que les nazis planifiaient; ce que les Britanniques et les Américains savaient, 2005 (1..º ed 1998).
Burns, Jimmy, Papa Spy: Love, Faith and Betrayal in Wartime Spain, London, 2009
Castaño, David, Paternalismo e Cumplicidade. As Relações Luso-Britânicas de 1943 a 1949, 2006
Darling, Donal, Donald Darling, Secret Sunday, 1975.
Faligot, Roger, Krop, Pascal, La Piscine. Les Services Secrets francais. 1944-1984, 1985
Gellately, Robert, The Gestapo and German Society. Enforcing Racial Policy 1933-45, 1990
Jeffery, Keith, MI6. The History of the Secret Intelligence Service. 1909-1949, 2011
Keegan, John, Intelligence in War. Knowledge of the Enemy from Napoleon to Al-Qaeda, 2004
Macintyre, Ben, Double Cross. The True Story of the D-Days Spies, , 2012
Pimentel, Irene Flunser, O Caso da PIDE/DGS. Foram julgados os principais agentes da Ditadura? julgados (The Case of PIDE/DGS. Were the main agentes of the Dictororship judged?, 2017
---, Espiões em Portugal durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial (Spies in Portugal, in World War Two), 2013
---, A História da PIDE (The Portuguese New State´s Political Police. An History), 2007
Richelson, Jeffrey T., A Century of Spies. Intelligence in the Twentieth Century, 1995
Telo, António José, A Neutralidade Portuguesa e o Ouro Nazi, 2000
---, Propaganda e Guerra Secreta em Portugal (1939-1945), 1990
Thomas, Martin, Fight or Flight: Britain, France and their Roads from Empire, a book published with Oxford University Press, 2014
---, Empires of Intelligence: Security Services and Colonial Control, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007.
Walton, Calder, Empire of Secrets, British Intelligence, the Cold War and the Twilight of Empire, HarperPress, 2013
The Labyrinth, Memoirs of Walter Schellenberg, Hitler´s chef of Counterintelligence, 2000, 1.ª ed. 1956
Weiner, Tim, Legacy of Ashes. The History of the CIA, 2007
Wylie, Neville, 'An Amateur Learns his Job'? Special Operations Executive in Portugal, 1940-42, Journal of Contemporary History, Vol 36(3), 2001, pp. 441-457»

5)    She also failed to mention which countries and repositories will be studied in her project.
Novamente, publico parte do texto da minha candidatura, que torna muito evidente que os países são os Estados Unidos e países europeus, incluindo França, Bélgica, bem como países africanos colonizados no passado por Portugal.
«B.1.2. Research plan and methods
«Thiswork is framed within, both political and institutions History, in diplomatic and international relations between secret services History, integrating issues related to the Dictatorship and Democracy.
The main archives where sources will be collected are Portuguese ones, but the research will also be undertaken in the archives of several other "western" European countries and in USA.
I will certainly face some problems in my research, precisely because secret services are indeed secret and there are restrictions a to the access of sources in the National Archives. In alternative, however it is possible to resort to other sources, such as the press, declassified information and Memory accounts of former secret police agents. It is also an issue that tends to appear in the form of Official History, which is not forcebly bad, if it is taken in account its official status. I will definitely use, for instance the work of Christopher Andrew, namely his authorized history of the British Security Service (MI5), «Defend the Real»(Penguin 2009). Also in general the bibliography about the subject is fortunately very rich and abundant, mostly in Great Britain and the United States, but also in other European countries.»
6) For such important and wide issues more clarification about sources and details about archives and collections is necessary; the reference to oral sources is not enough,
Quanto à clarificação das fontes e colecções, a única coisa que eu não fiz foi nomear os arquivos, o que aliás não era pedido. Como é evidente, tratava-se do Arquivo da PIDE/DGS na Torre do Tombo, de Lisboa, o Public Record Office, e não só, de Londres, os arquivos da CIA e os National Archives, de Washington, bem co9mo os Arquivos de Vincennes, Paris. Remeto também para o que já referi no ponto em B.1.2. O mais estranho e demonstrativo de uma leitura enviesada pelo painel é que a única vez que refiro história oral, e não «fontes orais», nem sequer é nas referências, mas na parte das questões éticas, consideradas pelo painel (positivamente) que não se colocavam.
«B.1.4. Ethical issues
I think that ethical questions do not exist within the scope of this research on History and the past. It is true that the research involves human participants, and if Oral History and interviews are used it will be on a voluntary basis and none of the persons will belong to vulnerable individuals or groups.»
7. Finally, the candidate did not provide a specific timetable for the completion of her research, publications and dissemination activities, and failed to specify (and quantify) the type of outputs.
Com o devido respeito, fiz mais que isso: apresentei o plano provisório da minha investigação, dividida em quatro partes, que não vou aqui mencionar, pois vou voltar a concorrer. Se o que se pretendia era que eu dissesse, por exemplo, que a fase de investigação em arquivos duraria dois anos, a fase de escrita, outros dois anos, e a disseminação dos resultados outros dois anos, então teriam de ter mencionado esse requisito na candidatura. Eu não o fiz, pois faltaria à verdade, dado que, pela minha experiência, só iniciada a investigação - e esta só é possível com financiamento -poderei dizer quanto tempo esta durará – procura de fontes nos arquivos consultados, resposta destes, e só depois.
É claro que o que pretendo, como sempre o fiz, é publicar os resultados em livro e em papers internacionais, bem como promover conferências e participar em colóquios sobre o tema, como aliás é mencionado por mim, no ponto «B.1.3. Expected outcomes»:
«The fact that a dictatorship lasted in Portugal until 1974 raises the question of how that regime related to and with, in terms of its political police and secret information agencies of democratic countries. Given the comparative component of research, which will span the continents of Europe, sub-Saharan Africa and North America, I will seek to disseminate the results that I will reach at an international level.

The proposed research addresses current issues such as colonialism, decolonisation and post-colonialism, human rights, religious, ethnic and gender discrimination, as well as the very important issue of refugees and emigration / economic migration. The results of the research may contribute to the studies on transitions to democracy and may link to the following themes: Dictatorship versus Democracy; Colonisation versus Decolonisation; Political repression versus transitional Justice.
More specifically, I will try to organize meetings and exchange information, internationally, with the countries mentioned in the study, as well as other pertinent countries. It is true that some of them, who were colonial countries, as are the cases of France and Belgium, collaborated with the Portuguese Armed Forces and the political police, transmitting know-how of counterintelligence and guerrilla warfare, as well as of the interrogation of prisoners, using torture.
Hence the crucial reflection on human rights, violated by democratic European countries where Portuguese political exiles and economic emigrants fled to. The states of these countries, although democratic, did not cease to have a dialog and an exchange between their polices and secret services with those of the Portuguese Dictatorship.
These and other examples can serve as negative models of what we cannot and should not do today in terms of the current pressing issues the concern receiving refugees and the thinking of political and / or economic refuge.»

Já agora, aproveito a ocasião para considerar que o ponto B.I.5. «Compliance with the goals of 2030 Agenda» é dispensável. Mesmo assim, não deixei de responder. A minha resposta começa aliás por argumentar por que acho dispensável, pelo menos em investigações das chamadas Ciências Sociais e Humanas»:
«B.1.5. Compliance with the goals of 2030 Agenda
By having a Contemporary History framework, this study of a recent past, like any other historiographical one, hardly fits at first glance, into the 17 goals of Agenda 2030, which aim the future. Historiographical research has no ability to predict the future, and only indirectly does the past - of a finished process - influence the present.

However, knowing the past allows the draw of lessons about what should not be repeated, thus shaping the present. Therefore, aspects that will be studied here, are related to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education as well as the reduction of inequality within and between countries (Objective 10) and above all for the promotion of peaceful societies, with justice and accountable and inclusive institutions (Goal 16).»




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